---
aliases:
  - Fediverse
  - Federated Social Software
tags:
  - social-software
  - infopolitics
---
The Fediverse (a portmanteau of "federation" and "universe") is a decentralised network of independent social media servers and websites that can talk to one another.

Instead of a single company owning and controlling a massive platform like X, Facebook, or Instagram, the Fediverse works much like email: you can have an account on one server and still follow, message, or interact with people on entirely different servers

## How It Works

• Shared Protocols: Different platforms communicate using open web standards, most notably [ActivityPub](wiki/Computer-Science/ActivityPub.md)] (a W3C standard).
• User Handles: Fediverse usernames look similar to email addresses (e.g., @username@servername.com), letting you cross server boundaries.
• No Central Authority: No single corporation runs the network. Individual servers "instances") are hosted and moderated by separate people, communities, or organisations with their own local rules. If a server misbehaves or hosts spam, other servers can "defederate" (cut off communication) with it.

## Popular Fediverse Platforms

Different apps focus on different types of media, all while remaining interoperable:
• **Microblogging**: Mastodon, Misskey, Pleroma, GoToSocial (alternatives to X / Twitter)
• **Image Sharing**: Pixelfed (alternative to Instagram)
• **Video Sharing**: PeerTube (alternative to YouTube), Loops (alternative to TikTok)
• **Social News / Discussion**: Lemmy, Mbin (alternatives to Reddit)
• **Long-form / Blogging**: WordPress (with [ActivityPub](wiki/Computer-Science/ActivityPub.md) plugins), Ghost
• **Corporate Integration**: Meta's Threads allows public user profiles to connect and share into the broader Fediverse via ActivityPub.

## Key Benefits

• No Algorithms & Ads: Most spaces feature chronological timelines free from corporate surveillance or ad tracking.
• Portability: You own your data and follower graphs; you can often migrate your account to a different server if you dislike your current host.
• Custom Moderation: Communities set their own standards rather than relying on one top-down corporate policy.